High Knoll Fort

High Knoll Fort is situated on High Knoll Road, The Briars, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

History

• The fort was originally built as a circular tower, known as a Martello tower, in 1799. Its purpose was to protect the rear approaches to the battery at Ladder Hill.
• Over time, the structure has undergone several transformations. The High Knoll tower was incorporated into the present structure, which dates from 1874, when the Royal Engineers rebuilt it.
• During the Second Boer War, Boer prisoners were briefly incarcerated at the fort. In addition, there were prisoner-of-war camps at Broadbottom, Deadwood No. 1, Deadwood No.2, and Jamestown.
• Much later, the Fort served to quarantine imported chickens, sheep, and cattle.
• Before its rebuilding in the late 19th century, High Knoll Fort was known as the Citadel.

Architecture

The fort's architecture is a mix of styles, with elements of redoubt-style fortification. The present structure dates from 1874, when it was rebuilt by the Royal Engineers. It features a combination of circular and rectangular shapes, with a distinctive tower design.

Layout

The fort's layout is designed to provide maximum defensive capabilities, with multiple levels and bastions. Its location on High Knoll provides a commanding view of Jamestown and the surrounding area.

Historical Significance

High Knoll Fort is one of the largest and most complete military installations on Saint Helena Island. It played an important role in the island's defense against potential French invaders. Today, it serves as a tourist attraction and a testament to the island's rich history.

Current Status and Use

The fort was reopened on December 18, 2010, after a major restoration project. It is now a popular destination for visitors, particularly those on tourist ships that visit the island during the summer months.

Heritage Status

High Knoll Fort is designated as a Grade I listed building, recognizing its historical and architectural significance.

Visiting Information

Visitors can access the fort by taking the High Knoll Road from Jamestown. The Saint Helena National Trust offers guided tours of the fort, providing insight into its history and architecture.

Notable Features and Rooms

• The original 1799 tower
• The 1874 rebuilt structure
• Bastions and defensive walls
• A commanding view of Jamestown and the surrounding area